Which of the following is true about flash memory?

Flash memory is characterized by its ability to provide permanent storage, which distinguishes it from volatile memory types. This type of memory retains data even when the power is turned off, making it a non-volatile storage solution. This feature is crucial for devices like USB drives, SSDs, and memory cards, where data needs to be preserved regardless of a power source.

The idea that it is volatile is inaccurate because flash memory, by definition, does not lose its data when powered down. Regarding the requirement for power to retain stored data, that is also incorrect, as flash memory does not require a continuous power supply to maintain the information it holds. Lastly, the statement limiting its use to USB drives is misleading; while USB drives are a common application of flash memory, this technology is used in many devices including smartphones, cameras, and laptops. Thus, the foundational aspect of flash memory being a form of permanent storage is indeed the correct characterization.